Despite the fact that progress is not standing still, everything in the world is being modernized and renewed, people have not learned how to defeat the helminths. They did not decrease even after new and effective drugs.
Each parasite of 250 known to mankind in its own way adversely affects human health, causing various diseases with symptoms unique to them.
Classification
To make it at least a little easier to deal with these parasites, people have started researching them. There are several types of worms with similar characteristics and external data.
The first type includes roundworms. The second combines flatworms, which include tapeworms and flukes.
The worms are:
- Contact;
- Biohelminthic;
- Geohelminthic.
This classification depends on the methods of their introduction into the body and the places of distribution.
Biohelminths
These are beef and swine tapeworms, ethnococci, cestodes and trematodes. In order to complete their life cycle, these parasites need to change several hosts. They can infect insects, mollusks, crustaceans, fish and humans, which eventually become carriers of helminths.
Geohelminth
These parasites include:
- Ascaris;
- Власоглава;
- hookworms;
- Some;
Such parasites do not need an intermediate host for normal development.
Contact
This group includes pinworms, from which people get enterobiosis, and dwarf tapeworms, which cause hymenolepiasis.
How can you get infected with worms?
- Biohelminths get into a person due to the ingestion of insufficiently processed pork and beef.
- In slightly salted or raw fish can lurk broad tapeworm or opisthorchiasis, as river waters and lake waters are rich in larvae of parasites living in them. Holidaymakers often make fatal mistakes when drinking, washing dishes or vegetables with such water.
- Geohelminths, or rather their larvae, have been in the soil for some time, getting there along with the feces of infected people and animals. The new owner is not late. There are many people who do not wash their hands while outdoors or after working on the ground.
- Helminthiasis can join a completely healthy person after contact with an infected person, if there are many dust particles in the air with parasite eggs, through dishes and household items.
Where do worms settle in humans?
Most adult worms often settle in the colon. There they find shelter and pinworms and whipworms. Clonorchis, oporchis, fasciola are often observed in the liver. They all belong to trematodes.
They cause irreparable damage to the bile ducts and liver, forming echinococcal cysts, from which the worms disperse after rupture.
Ordinary worms
The most common worms in humans are:
- Ascaris (causes ascariasis);
- Broad tapeworm (causes diphyllobotriasis);
- Pinworms (enterobiosis).
People suffering from the proximity of these parasites have hypovitaminosis, anemia and other disorders in the body.
- Ascariasis can occur in humans after eating dirty vegetables and fruits.
- Diphyllobotriasis is caused by poorly cooked fish and caviar.
- Enterobiosis occurs after contact with infected people.
The development of worms in the acute stage lasts 15-65 days, the course of chronic worm infestation lasts 35-65 days after the acute stage. Due to the presence of helminths in the organs, they are squeezed and mechanically damaged, both organs and nearby tissues.
The transition from helminthic invasion to chronic form is fraught with reduced immunity, which leads to fungal, viral and bacterial diseases. Helminth infestation often causes cancer.
Signs of worms in an adult
Symptoms generally depend on which worm has invaded the body. There are certain signs for each helminth infestation.
ascariasis
Roundworm infection is characterized by the following symptoms:
- Skin rashes;
- Nausea accompanied by abdominal pain;
- Decreased appetite
- Elevated levels of eosinophils.
Prolonged stay in the body of roundworms can lead to peritonitis, appendicitis and intestinal obstruction.
Diphyllobotriasis
This helminth infestation is often accompanied by the following symptoms:
- Nausea;
- Stool problems;
- Isolation of parasitic fragments;
- Stomach pains;
- Sudden weight loss.
Subsequently, people develop severe anemia due to lack of protein, iron and vitamin B.
Enterobiosis
This disease is accompanied by:
- Itching in the anus, which can often lead to dermatitis;
- Abdominal pain of unknown origin;
If we consider the general symptoms of helminth infestation, then it manifests itself in the following:
- There are, for no apparent reason, incomprehensible, itchy rashes;
- The sites of parasite localization swell;
- There is a cough without signs of a cold, with bouts of suffocation;
- Fever worries;
- Regional lymph nodes are enlarged;
- Weakness, fatigue are observed;
- Serious diseases appear - allergic myocarditis, meningoencephalitis, pneumonia, hepatitis;
- Lymph nodes are affected;
- There is blood in the urine;
- The stool is disturbed, there is swelling and blood impurities in the stool.
Treatment of worms in adults
It is necessary to treat worms in humans strictly under the supervision and control of the attending physician. This applies to both children and adults. The slightest deviation from the dosage of the drug can lead to serious consequences.
There are certain medications for each type of parasite:
- Mebendazole-containing preparations can neutralize and destroy trichocephaly and enterobiosis.
- Drugs containing chloramphenicol fight against hookworm, roundworm, some, toxoplasma, roundworm.
Folk remedies
It is possible to treat and neutralize worms in adults using traditional methods. Pumpkin seeds are the most effective. There is nothing complicated in the recipe.
You need to take the following ingredients:
- 100 g peeled pumpkin seeds;
- 100 g of water;
- 2 tablespoons honey;
All this must be mixed thoroughly and crushed into a pulp. This mixture is consumed on an empty stomach 1 tbsp every hour. Then you need to make a cleansing enema with the addition of garlic and take a laxative.
Under no circumstances should you self-medicate. Your doctor will tell you how to effectively treat worms. He will also prescribe the correct dosage, the necessary diet, maintenance drugs after the expulsion of parasites. There is no need to panic and get hysterical. We better get together and defeat this evil as soon as possible.
Prevention
It doesn't take much to try to bypass the helminth infestation. It is enough to follow some tips and recommendations of parasitologists:
- Lead a healthy lifestyle.
- Use only clean water, separate household items.
- Monitor the health of your pets while taking steps to prevent them from becoming infected with helminths.
- Eat extremely clean food.
- Carry out a thorough heat treatment of meat and fish.
- Take worm medications to prevent worms, especially if you have four-legged pets at home.
- Try to use lightly salted fish and its caviar as rarely as possible and it is better to exclude them completely from the diet.